Przegląd Archeologiczny

Agnieszka Zarzycka-Anioła, Marek Anioła, Izabella Dolata-Daszkiewicz, Anna Józefowska, Krzysztof Nowaczyk, Lubomiła Nowaczyk, Cmentarzysko z epoki brązu w Domasławiu 10/11/12 i Chrzanowie 4, pow. wrocławski. Wrocław 2022, tom I: ss. 506, ISBN 978-83-66463-68-4; tom II: ss. 506, ISBN 978-83-66463-69-1; tom III: ss. 613, ISBN ISBN 978-83-66463-70-7

Joanna Urban — Tue, 14 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Bogusław Gediga, Szymon Nowaczyk, Henryk P. Dąbrowski, Magdalena Olszta-Bloch (red.), Od archeologii przedmiotów do archeologii idei. Biskupin–Wrocław, Muzeum Archeologiczne w Biskupinie, Polska Akademia Nauk – Oddział we Wrocławiu, 2020/2021, ss. 288, ISBN 978-83-945256-6-8.

Michał Pawleta — Tue, 14 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Od Redakcji

Małgorzata Markiewicz — Tue, 14 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Prof. dr hab. Bogusław Gediga (13 stycznia 1933 – 18 października 2022)

Marian Rębkowski — Tue, 14 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Prof. dr hab. Bogusław Gediga, 13 stycznia 1933 – 18 października 2022. Redaktor Naczelny „Przeglądu Archeologicznego” w latach 1990-2022

Małgorzata Markiewicz — Tue, 14 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Bibliografia prac Prof. dr. hab. Bogusława Gedigi

Izabella Dolata-Daszkiewicz — Tue, 14 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Studia porównawcze kultur łowiecko-zbierackich Europy i Północnej Ameryki

John R.F. Bower †, Michał Kobusiewicz — Tue, 14 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

This paper presents the results of a Polish-American research project lasting ten years comparing the widely separated hunting gathering societies that experienced similar changing environments in the Old and New World during the final Pleistocene and the early Holocene times. The study intended to compare the technological and economic histories of this societies living in the same time on the North European plain and the North Central United States. Over the period of time in question, they experienced the same changes of climate and environment. The results of the project permit us to say that the hunter gatherers adaptation process was often only slightly, and over time hardly at all dependent on environmental changes.

The beginnings of pottery technology in Vietnam based on finds from the Xom Trai Cave in the Hoà Bình Province

Tomasz Gralak, Viet Nguyen — Tue, 14 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

In the caves of South East Asia, artefacts from the Pleistocene period known as the Hoabinhian culture are found. They also include the oldest evidence of using pottery technology in this region. The adoption of the new technology can be seen as a deeper specialization within the hunter-gatherer economy. The use of pottery facilitates and accelerates the thermal processing of food (i.e., cooking or possibly roasting). In addition, some foods require prolonged or repeated cooking; otherwise, they may be toxic or difficult to digest. The article analyzes vessels fragments from the XomTrai Cave and additionally from the Hiem Cave – both in Hoà Bình Province in Vietnam. Based on physical characteristics, four formal and technological groups were distinguished, corresponding to three phases of use. The first is related to the decline of the Hoabinhian communities – the so-called Dabutian (the Da But culture), the second with the early Neolithic Phung Nguyen culture (or horizon), and the third with the early Bronze Age Go Mun culture.

The cemetery of the Trzciniec Cultural Circle community in Łubna in light of radiocarbon chronology (AMS)

Przemysław Makarowicz, Przemysław Muzolf, Jan Romaniszyn — Tue, 14 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The barrow cemetery in Łubna (Łubna-Jakusy), Poland, excavated shortly after World War II , is one of the best-known necropolises in the western area of the Trzciniec Cultural Circle. During the archaeological research conducted by K. Jażdżewski, up to 27 mounds were
excavated. In this article, the authors present and specify the absolute chronology of this site. Thanks to a search in the museum storerooms, it was possible to obtain osteological material, which was subsequently dated in the Poznań Radiocarbon Laboratory using the AM S method. These absolute dates combined with the results of a study of the archaeological material allowed the chronology of almost half of the excavated barrows to be defined. The dates obtained thanks to modelling functions answer the question about the timeframe the necropolis was in use. Additionally, the authors present a probable scenario for the development of the cemetery in Łubna, outlining the direction of expansion and characterizing its spatial arrangement.

The Piast castrum Steclyn - on the way towards Prussia

Wojciech Chudziak — Tue, 14 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The article concerns the early medieval settlement at Niedźwiedź/Steklin located on Lake Steklin in the Dobrzyń Land commonly identified with the castrum Steclyn mentioned in the so-called Mogilno Falsification of 1065. Although research has up to now produced relatively little information on the stronghold itself, numerous luxury items discovered on the lake bottom within the remains of the wharves, as well as a bullion hoard recently found in a suburbium settlement testify to the special importance of
this place on the northeastern border of the Piast state. The article discusses the origins and functions of the stronghold, as well as its role in the local supra-local settlement structure. It is also shown that its location directly on the long-distance route leading from Gniezno through Mogilno and Kujawy to Prussia enabled communication with Benedictine monks.

Nieinwazyjna prospekcja średniowiecznego grodziska w Sądowlu. Problem integracji rezultatów teledetekcji archeologicznej oraz historycznych źródeł kartograficznych

Grzegorz Kiarszys, Lidia Żuk, Wiesław Małkowski — Tue, 14 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The main aim of this paper is to present the potential of an integrated archaeological survey. Currently established survey practice combines a range of methods such as aerial archaeology, airborne laser scanning and geophysics, and analysis of historical maps. It is commonly assumed that the application of more methods will help to obtain more information about the registered archaeological site. However, a cumulation of collected data does not equate with a better understanding of the analyzed structures. Archaeologists often face fragmentary or even contradictory evidence provided by those methods. Integration of data requires a more flexible approach, a thorough questioning of collected data, meaningful comparison of different results, their re-interpretation and the formulation of new questions according to the mechanism of the hermeneutic circle. We illustrate these issues using the case study of an integrated survey at a medieval stronghold in Sądowel. In particular, we focused on various degrees of success with which different non-invasive methods were applied and changing interpretations of recorded structures.

Badania wykopaliskowe średniowiecznego cmentarzyska i osady w Miliczu: motywacje, cele, konteksty

Justyna Kolenda — Tue, 14 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The article considers the factors determining the results of excavations and the relationship between the results obtained and the views expressed about the past by researchers/archaeologists. The author considers the extent to which and how the attitude of the researcher and the choice of method(s) of exploration of cultural stratification determine the amount of information obtained. These considerations are conducted on the basis of the theory of scientific cognition formulated in the interwar period by the Lviv microbiologist Ludwik Fleck. According to his assumptions, this was supposed to change the thinking of the time about, among other things, truth as a real existing entity or the objectivity of scientists' findings. Fleck's theory concerns science in the broadest sense of the term, the principles and rules governing its cognition, and in this form it was (and still is) applied by specialists in various disciplines. In this article, the theory of the Lviv microbiologist has been used to highlight the factors that determined the results of excavations carried out by two teams exploring the medieval burial ground and settlement of Milicz in 1953 and in 1960-1962.

Nie tylko z drewna. Wiadra klepkowe obite blachą w grobach wczesnośredniowiecznych na terenie ziem polskich

Tomasz Kurasiński — Tue, 14 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

In this study, information was collected on stave-built wooden vessels (buckets) from early medieval cemeteries in Polish lands, for which the distinguishing feature is metal fittings in the form of strips and / or crescent- shaped applications. In the light of the current state of knowledge, we have information on 33 containers of such design from nineteen cemeteries. The most numerous collection of them was discovered in Lutomiersk, from where eight graves with such vessels are known. Three containers were recorded in the cemetery in Pień, and in Kałdus, Lubień, Komorowo and Poznań-Śródka – two in each. The remaining sites provided single finds. These vessels were subjected to a typological, formal and chronological analysis, taking into account the context of discovery and provenance, and on this basis an attempt was made to interpret their meaning in funeral rites. In Polish lands, the deceased were buried with the type of vessel in question at the end of the 10th century, and this custom disappeared at the beginning of the 12th century.

W kwestii techniki wykonania i szkliwienia wczesnośredniowiecznych pisanek-grzechotek ze Śląska.

Tue, 14 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The article concerns early medieval egg-shaped rattles from the area of Silesia. First of all, the issue of how they were made and glazed is studied. The issues of the origin of these products and their role in the culture of ancient societies, as problems repeatedly raised by other researchers, is treated marginally. Macro- and microscopic observations, experimental studies, as well as the results of analyses of the chemical composition of glazes and petrographic tests of ceramic bodies were used to study the technology of making eggs-shaped -rattles. On their basis, the probable process of their formation and glazing was reconstructed. While the making of the ceramic base did not require extraordinary skills, the glazing and decoration of the rattles took place in several stages, requiring knowledge of advanced pottery techniques. For their decoration, a specific category of glaze was used, namely high-lead non alkali glass.

Wczesnośredniowieczne bursztynowe krzyżyki z terenu Pomorza na tle porównawczym. Materiały i problemy interpretacyjne

Paweł Szczepanik — Tue, 14 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

This paper presents early medieval amber cross pendants that display a great degree of diversity not only concerning form and morphology but also with regard to chronology and – as we assume – functionality, with the pendants examined herein sharing one common denominator: the raw material from which are made. This paper analyses amber artefacts discovered in Pomerania, shown in a broad comparative context. Thus, the research objectives undertaken are twofold: first, to present the sources of the relevant materials, which are formally, chronologically, and contextually diverse, and second, to point out the main interpretative problems relating to the possibility of deciphering their original meanings and functions.

Jak to z kołem i obtaczaniem być mogło. Innowacje i techniki we wczesnośredniowiecznej ceramice – nieustannie aktualny problem

Kinga Zamelska-Monczak — Tue, 14 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The article engages with the issue of changes in the technology of producing clay vessels based on the example of early medieval pottery from Wielkopolska. The focus was on the issue of the introduction of innovations and the process of technological change from the perspective of the techniques used and their importance in a broader cultural and social context. Ecological, economic and technical factors are indicated as the main reasons for changes in the technological style, while less importance is attached to social behaviour or cultural norms. Pottery making is a social act, as it takes place in a specific community with its own tradition and past, specific preferences and cultural patterns. Pottery production techniques, more resistant to change than form or ornament, have become a good variable for identifying cultural groups and recognizing communication between communities and relationships
between their members. The presented comments and interpretations indicate the research potential of the analysis of technology and innovations emerging in this process.

Rural residences of Wrocław burghers in the 13th-16th centuries

Dominik Nowakowski — Tue, 14 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The article discusses the issue of latemedieval and early-modern manor houses of Wrocław citizens, located in their rural properties. Many of them, located in the close vicinity of Wrocław, were destroyed as a result of the spatial development of the urban agglomeration, others are usually poorly researched archaeologically and architecturally. For this reason, and in accordance with the requirements of historical archaeology, this issue has been analyzed using a maximum variety of sources: written, archaeological, architectural, cartographic and iconographic. The article includes examples of manor houses built by the citizens of Wrocław as well as those that originally belonged to dukes or knights. The key issues to which special attention has been given are the chronology and formal classification of objects as well as their functions and significance for their founders and owners. The issue was discussed in four chronological intervals, basically reflecting the economic, social and political changes that influenced the development of Silesian defensive-residential buildings.

Prof. dr hab. Jan Józef Dąbrowski (19 marca 1934 - 17 lutego 2023)

Joanna Urban, Małgorzata Mogielnicka-Urban — Tue, 14 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Prof. dr hab. Jerzy Kmieciński (8 października 1927 – 5 grudnia 2022)

Marek Olędzki; Michał Klonowski — Tue, 14 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Prof. dr hab. Stefan Karol Kozłowski (4 listopada 1938 - 2 września 2022)

Marta Połtowicz-Bobak, Dariusz Bobak — Tue, 14 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Prof. dr hab. Zofia Sulgostowska (13 czerwca 1944 – 13 lutego 2023)

Iwona Sobkowiak-Tabaka — Tue, 14 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000