Houses dug into the ground in Ancient Nikonion in the Lower Dniester region
Keywords:
Ancient world, Northern Black Sea area, Lower Dniester region, Ancient Nikonion, dugoutsAbstract
Dugouts or semi-dugouts were typical form of the oldest Greek dwelling houses in the northern Pontus Euxinus region. The Lower Dniester region has yielded a very interesting evidence for studies on the history of houses dug into the ground. The Lower Dniester region was dominated in Antiquity by two Greek poleis, Nikonion and Tyras. Until the middle of the 5th c. BC houses dug into the ground were predominant dwelling architecture at Nikonion as well as in rural settlements on Nikonion chora. At Nikonion more than 20 houses dug into the ground are recovered. They are scattered in different places of the mound covering the remains of Ancient city. The house dug into the ground, registered as no. 196, located in the southern part of the mound and excavated in 1995, is analysed in details. The archaeological evidence confirms that the dugout no. 196 was used in the first half of the 5th c. BC. It also suggests that the dugout has been left in the middle of the 5th c. BC
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References
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Samoilova T.L. 1988. Tira v VI-I vv. do n.e. Kiev
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Sekerskaya N.M., Bulatovich S.A. 2010. Monetnye nakhodki iz Nikoniya (1964-2010 gg.). „Zapiski otdela numizmatyki i torevtiki Odesskogo arkheologicheskogo muzeya” 1, 27-38
SNG London. Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum 9. The British Museum, Part 1: The Black Sea. London 1993
Solovyov S.L. 1999. Ancient Berezan. The Architecture, History, Culture of the First Greek Colony in the Northern Black Sea. Leiden-Boston
Solov’ev S.L., Butyagin A.M. 1998. Zemlyanki na khore Nimpheya. „Rossiiskaya Arkheologiya” 2, 138-148
Tolstikov V.P. 1992. Pantikapei – stolitsa Bospora. In: V.D. Kuznetsov, A.A. Maslennikov, G.A. Koshelenko (eds.), Ocherki arkheologii i istorii Bospora. Moskva, 45-99
Tsetskhladze G.R. 2004. On the earliest Greek colonial architecture in the Pontus. In: C.J. Tumplin (ed.), Pontus and the Outside World. Studies in Black Sea History, Historiography and Archaeology. Leiden-Boston, 225-278 [Colloquia Pontica 9]
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Zaginailo A.G. 1966. Monetnye nakhodki na roksolanskom gorodishche (1957-1963). „Materialy po Arkheologii Severnogo Prichernomor’ya” 5, 100-130
Zaginailo A.G. 1990. Litye monety tsarya Skila. In: Drevnee Prichernomor’e. Odessa, 64-71
Zaginailo A.G. 1991. Litye monety iz Nikoniya (K voprosu ob ekonomicheskikh svyazyakh goroda v VI-IV vv. do n.e.). In: Severo-Zapadnoe Prichernomor’e – kontaktnaya zona drevnikh kul’tur. Kiev, 52-61
Zaginailo 1993. Eshche raz o monetakh tsarya Skila. In: Drevnee Prichernomor’e. Odessa, 91-93
Zaginailo A.G., Karyshkovskii P.O. 1990. Monety skiphskogo tsarya Skila. In: Numizmaticheskie issledovaniya po istorii Yugo-Vostochnoi Evropy. Kishinev, 3-15
Zaginailo A.G., Sekerskaya N.M. 1992. Nakhodki monet iz raskopok Nikoniya 1987-1991 gg. In: Kratkie tezisy dokladov numizmaticheskoi konpherentsi. Sankt Peterburg, 11-13
Zaginailo A.G., Sekerskaya N.M. 1997. Ancient Nikonion in the light of 40 years of archaeological excavation (1957-1997). In: M. Mielczarek, S.B. Okhotnikov, N.V. Sekunda (eds.), Nikonion. An Ancient City on the Lower Dniester. Toruń, 18-26
Agbunov M.V. 1983. Materialy po antichnoi geographii Prichernomor’ya 5. Ostrov Tiragetov. „Vestnik Drevnei Istorii” 4, 110-118
Alexandrescu P. 1990. Histria in archaischen Zeit. In: P. Alexandrscu, W. Schuller (eds.), Histria. Eine Griechenstadt an der rumänischen Schwarzmeerküste. Konstanz, 47-101 [Xenia. Konstanzer althistorische Vorträge und Forschungen 25]
Andrunina N.M. 1970. Raskopki stroitel’nykh kompleksov VI-V vv. do n.e. v zapadnoi chasti Nikoniya. In: Arkheologicheskie Otkryt’ya 1969 goda. Moskva, 236
Bruyako I.V., Karpov V.A. 1992. Drevnyaya gographiya i kolebaniya urovnya morya (Na primere severo-zapadnoi chasti Chernomorskogo basseina v antichnuyu epokhu). „Vestnik Drevnei Istorii” 2, 87-97
Bulatovich S.A. 2005. Litye monety Istrii v denezhnom obrashchenii Tiry. In: XIII Vsesoyuznaya numizmaticheskaya konpherentsiya. Moskva 11-15 apreliya 2005. Moskva, 16-17
Buiskikh A.V. 2013. Arkhaicheskaya raspisnaya keramika iz Ol’vii (vostochnogrecheskaya, lakonskaya, korinphskaya, imitatsii). Kiev
Buiskikh A.V. 2013. O grecheskoi kolonizatsii Severo-Zapadnogo Prichernomor’ya (Novaya model’?). „Vestnik Drevnei Istorii” 1, 21-39
Buiskikh S.B. 2001. Issledovanie svyatilishcha Akhilla na Beikushskom Mysu (predvarttel’nye itogi). In: M.I. Zolotarev (ed.), ΑΝΑΧΑΡΣΙΣ. Pamyati Yuriya Germanovicha Vinogradova. Sevastopol’, 34-43
Butjagin A.M. 1997. Archaic dug-outs at Nymphaion. „Archeologia” [Warszawa] 48, 61-70
Butyagin A.M. 2001. Zemlyanochnoe stroitel’stvo na arkhaicheskom Bospore (genesis i razvitie). In: Bosporskii Phenomen: kolonizatsiya regiona phormirovanie polisov obrazovanie gosudarstva I. Sankt-Peterburg, 36-41
Dzis-Raiko G.A., Okhotnikov S.B., Redina E.Ph. 2012. Nadlimanskoe gorodishche IV-III vv. do n.e. v Nizhnem Podnestrov’e. Odessa
Golovko I.D. 1961. Graphitti roksolanskogo gorodishcha. In: Kratkie Soobshcheniya Odesskogo Gosudarstvennogo Arkheologicheskogo Muzeya 1960 g. Odessa, 81-84
Golovko I.D. 1966. Epigraphicheskie nakhodki. „Materialy po Arkheologii Severnogo Prichernomor’ya” 5, 77-88
Karyshkovskii P.O., Kleiman I.B. 1985. Drevnii gorod Tira. Istoriko-arkheologicheskii ocherk. Kiev
Kerschner M. 2006. Zum Beginn und den Phasen der griechischen Kolonisation am Schwarzen Meer. Die Evidenz der ostgriechischen Keramik. „Eurasia Antiqua” 12, 227-250
Kozub Yu. I. 1976. Drevneishii kul’tovyi kompleks Ol’vii. In: Khudozhestvennaya kul’tura i arkheologia antichnogo mira. Moskva, 124-130
Kryzhitskii S.D. 1982. Zhilye doma antichnykh gorodov Severnogo Prichernomor’ya. Kiev
Kryzhitskii S.D. 1993. Arkhitektura antichnykh gosudarstv Severnogo Prichernomor’ya. Kiev
Kryzhitskii S.D., Buiskikh S.B., Burakov A.V., Otreshko V.M. 1989. Sel’skaya okruga Ol’vii. Kiev
Kryzhitskii S.D., Leipunskaya N.A., Rusyaeva A.S., Skrzhinskaya M.V., Krapivina V.V., Anokhin V.A. 1999. Ol’viya. Antichnoe gosudarstvo v Severnom Prichernomor’e. Kiev
Mielczarek M. 1999. Monety obce i miejscowe w greckim Nikonion. „Wiadomości Numizmatyczne” 43 (1-2), 7-20
Mielczarek M. 2005. Coinage of Nikonion. Greek bronze cast coins between Istrus and Olbia. In: C. Alfaro, C. Marcos, P. Otero (eds.), XIII Congreso International de Numismática. Madrid – 2003. Actas – Proceedings – Actes. Madrid, 273-276
Mielczarek M. 2012. On the Coin Circulation and Coin Hoards in Greek Nikonion. In: M. Asolati, G. Gorini (eds.), I ritrovamenti monetali e i procesi storico-economici nel mondo antico. Padova, 79-86
Okhotnikov S.B. 1981. Poseleniya VI-V vv. do n.e. v Nizhnem Podnestrov’e. In: Issledovaniya po antichnoi arkheologii Yugozapada Ukrainskoi SSR. Kiev, 85-89
Okhotnikov S.B. 1990. Nizhnee Podnestrov’e v VI-V vv. do n.e. Kiev
Otreshko V.M. 1990. Demographicheskii potentsial Nikoniya. In: Problemy istorii i arkheologii Nizhnego Podnestrov’ya 2. Arkheologiya. Belgorod-Dnestrovskii, 72
Samoilova T.L. 1988. Tira v VI-I vv. do n.e. Kiev
Sekerskaya N.M. 1989. Antichnyi Nikonii i ego okruga v VI-IV vv. do n.e. Kiev
Sekerskaya N.M. 1997. Itogi issledovanii Nikoniya za 40 let (1957-1997). In: Nikonii i antichnyi mir Severnogo Prichernomor’ya. Odessa, 7-13
Sekerskaya N.M., Bulatovich S.A. 2010. Monetnye nakhodki iz Nikoniya (1964-2010 gg.). „Zapiski otdela numizmatyki i torevtiki Odesskogo arkheologicheskogo muzeya” 1, 27-38
SNG London. Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum 9. The British Museum, Part 1: The Black Sea. London 1993
Solovyov S.L. 1999. Ancient Berezan. The Architecture, History, Culture of the First Greek Colony in the Northern Black Sea. Leiden-Boston
Solov’ev S.L., Butyagin A.M. 1998. Zemlyanki na khore Nimpheya. „Rossiiskaya Arkheologiya” 2, 138-148
Tolstikov V.P. 1992. Pantikapei – stolitsa Bospora. In: V.D. Kuznetsov, A.A. Maslennikov, G.A. Koshelenko (eds.), Ocherki arkheologii i istorii Bospora. Moskva, 45-99
Tsetskhladze G.R. 2004. On the earliest Greek colonial architecture in the Pontus. In: C.J. Tumplin (ed.), Pontus and the Outside World. Studies in Black Sea History, Historiography and Archaeology. Leiden-Boston, 225-278 [Colloquia Pontica 9]
Vinogradov Yu.A. 1992. Mirmekii. In: V.D. Kuznetsov, A.A. Maslennikov, G.A. Koshelenko (eds.), Ocherki arkheologii i istorii Bospora. Moskva, 99-120
Zaginailo A.G. 1966. Monetnye nakhodki na roksolanskom gorodishche (1957-1963). „Materialy po Arkheologii Severnogo Prichernomor’ya” 5, 100-130
Zaginailo A.G. 1990. Litye monety tsarya Skila. In: Drevnee Prichernomor’e. Odessa, 64-71
Zaginailo A.G. 1991. Litye monety iz Nikoniya (K voprosu ob ekonomicheskikh svyazyakh goroda v VI-IV vv. do n.e.). In: Severo-Zapadnoe Prichernomor’e – kontaktnaya zona drevnikh kul’tur. Kiev, 52-61
Zaginailo 1993. Eshche raz o monetakh tsarya Skila. In: Drevnee Prichernomor’e. Odessa, 91-93
Zaginailo A.G., Karyshkovskii P.O. 1990. Monety skiphskogo tsarya Skila. In: Numizmaticheskie issledovaniya po istorii Yugo-Vostochnoi Evropy. Kishinev, 3-15
Zaginailo A.G., Sekerskaya N.M. 1992. Nakhodki monet iz raskopok Nikoniya 1987-1991 gg. In: Kratkie tezisy dokladov numizmaticheskoi konpherentsi. Sankt Peterburg, 11-13
Zaginailo A.G., Sekerskaya N.M. 1997. Ancient Nikonion in the light of 40 years of archaeological excavation (1957-1997). In: M. Mielczarek, S.B. Okhotnikov, N.V. Sekunda (eds.), Nikonion. An Ancient City on the Lower Dniester. Toruń, 18-26
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2016-12-30
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Mielczarek , M. (2016). Houses dug into the ground in Ancient Nikonion in the Lower Dniester region . Fasciculi Archaeologiae Historicae, 29, 83–92. Retrieved from https://journals.iaepan.pl/fah/article/view/2068
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