The sphero-conical vessels from the Lower Danube in the light of new discoveries from Isaccea, Tulcea county, Romania
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23858/SA68.2016.015Keywords:
Eastern Europe, sphero-conical vessels, early Middle Ages, Lower Danube, cross-cultural interactionsAbstract
So-called sphero-conical or grenade vessels are one of the more unusual archaeological finds in Eurasia and beyond dating to the period between the 8/9th to 15th centuries AD. They have been found in many sites located in the Middle East, Eastern Europe, the Caucasus as well as in Central Asia. These are small vessels, usually sphero-conical and spherical in shape, well-made by hand with rounded, short necks and small openings. In the literature the exact function of these wares is still under debate. The finds from the Lower Danube, especially from Dobruja (Isaccea and Nufăru) are the largest deposits in Europe. They are a good example of the special role of the Dobruja as an important network for commercial, cultural technological exchange between Europe and Asia in the Middle Ages. In this paper we will present new discoveries of the sphero-conical vessels from Isaccea and discuss the current state of research on these types of ‘exotic’ vessels in Europe.
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References
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Bonnéric J. and Schmitt A. 2011. La céramique de la période fatimide à Tinnîs: premier état de la question. Cahiers de la Céramique Égyptienne 9, 95-139
Bosi R. 1966. Sui proiettili ceramici per catapulte del vicino Oriente. Faenza 52 (2-3), 38-48
Cytryn-Silverman K. 2010. Ramla – The Pottery Results. In O. Gutfeld (ed.), Ramla: Final Report on the Excavations North of the White Mosque, (= Qedem 51 – Monograph of the Institute of Archaeology). Jerusalem: Institute of Archaeology The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 97-213
Çeken M. 2013. Kubad Abad Kazisinda bulunan bir grup kürevî konik kap. Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi 53 (2), 345-363
Chester G. J. 1871. On the Pottery and Glass Found in the Excavations. In C. W. Wilson and C. Warren (eds.), The recovery of Jerusalem. A narrative of exploration and discovery in the city and the Holy Land. London: Bentley, 479-481
Damian O., Vasile M., Stănică A., Bănăseanu A. and Samson A. 2007. Cercetările arheologice preventive la Nufăru, jud. Tulcea. Materiale şi Cercetări Arheologice. Serie Nouă 3, 107-151
Dumarçay J. 1965. Eolipiles? Syria 42 (1-2), 75-79
Dzhanpoladyan R. M. 1958. Sferokonicheskiye sosudy iz Dvina i Ani. Sovetskaya arkheologiya 1, 201-213
Dzhanpoladyan R. M. 1982. Sferokonicheskiye sosudy iz Dvina i Ani (= Arkheologicheskye pamiatniki Armeniya). Yerevan: Izd-vo AN ArmSSR
Ettinghausen R. 1965. The Uses of Sphero-Conical Vessels in the Muslim East. Journal of Near Eastern Studies 24 (3), 218-229
François V. 1999. Céramiques médiévales à Alexandrie: contribution à l’histoire économique de la ville. Études alexandrines 2. Cairo: Institut Français d’ Archéologie Orientale
Fontana M. V. 1999. An Islamic sphero-conical object in a Tuscan Medieval Marble. East and West 49 (4), 9-33
Forbes R. J. 1959. Naphtha Goes To War, More Studies in Early Petroleum History 1860–1880. Leiden: E.J. Brill
Galiyeva Z. S. 2001. Sferokonicheskiye sosudy Sredney Azii: k voprosu o tipologii i khronologii. In T. Alpatkina, S. Boelov, O. Inevatkina and T. Mkrtychev (eds.), Srednyaya Aziya. Istoriya. Arkheologiya. Kul’tura: mat-ly konferentsii, posvyashchennoy 50-letiyu nauchnoy deyatel’nosti G. V. Shishkinoy. Moskva: Gusudarstvennyj Muzej Vostoka, 52–61
Ghouchani A. and Adle C. 1992. A Sphero-Conical Vessel as Fuqqâ’a or a Gourd for “Beer”. Muqarnas: An Annual on the Visual Cultures of the Islamic World 9, 72-92
Hildburgh W. L. 1951. Aeolipiles as Fire-blowers. Archaeologia (Second series) 94, 27-55
Ibragimov B. I. 2000. Srednevekovyy gorod Kiran. Baku-Moskva: Akademiya Nauk Azerbaydzhana Institut Arkheologii i Etnografii
Keall E. J. 1992. Smokers’ Pipes and the Fine Pottery Tradition of Hays. Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies 22, 29-46
Keall E. J. 1993. One Man’s Mede is Another Man’s Persian; one Man’s Coconut is Another Man’s Grenade. Muqarnas: An Annual on the Visual Cultures of the Islamic World 10, 275–285
Kravchenko A. A. 1986. Srednevekovyi Belgorod na Dnestre (konec XIII-XIV v.). Kiev: Naukova Dumka
Likhachev A. F. 1876. Bytovye pamyatniki Velikoy Bulgarii. Trudy II Arkheologicheskovo s”ezda 1. Sankt-Peterburg: Tipografiya Imperatorskogo Universiteta, 1–50
Likhachev A. F. 1886. O zagadochnykh sosudakh sferokonicheskoy formy iz Volzhskikh Bolgar. Trudy IV Arkheologicheskovo s”ezda 1. Kazan’: Tipografiya Imperatorskogo Universiteta, 34–65
Lunin B. V. 1961. K voprosu o funktsional’nom naznachenii sferokonicheskikh sosudov v svyazi s odnim rukopisnym istochnikom XVI v. Istoriya material’noy kul’tury Uzbekistana 2. Tashkent: izdatel’stvo AN UzSSR, 255–267
Mănucu-Adameşteanu Gh. 1984. Din nou despre vasele sferoconice in lumina descoperirilor din nordul Dobrogei. Peuce 9 (seria istorie), 363- 374
Mercier M. 1952. Le feu grégeois, les feux de guerre depuis l’antiquité, la poudre à canon. Paris, Avignon: Librairie orientaliste Paul Geuthner
Mihajlova T. 1987. Sferokonusi ot Pliska. Arheologiya 29 (1), 15-23
Nuretdinova A. R. 2011. Tipologiya sfero-konicheskikh sosudov Volzhskoy Bulgarii. Arkheologiya Yevraziyskikh stepey 11 (= Uralo-Povolzh’ye v drevnosti i srednevekov’ye: materialy Mezhdunar.nauch. konf. V Khalikovskiye chteniya ”Uralo-Povolzh’ye v drevnosti i srednevekov’ye”, posvyashch. 80-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya A. KH. Khalikova, 27-30 maya 2009, Kazan’), 150-160
Nuretdinova A. R. 2011. Sferokonicheskie sosudy: Problema atribucii. Uchenyye zapiski Kazanskogo universiteta. Seria Gumanitarnye nauki 153 (3), 51–62
Nuretdinova A. R. and Belyaev A. V. 2015. Sferokonicheskiye sosudy raskopa CLXV Bolgarskogo gorodishcha. Povolzhskaya arkheologiya 4 (14), 301-310
Prag K. 2006. Defensive ditches in Ottoman Fortifications in Bilád al-Shám. In H. Kennedy (ed.), Muslim military architecture in greater Syria. From the Coming of Islam to the Ottoman Period (= History of Warfare 35). Leiden-Boston: Brill, 295-306
Pryor J. H. and Jeffreys E. M. 2006. The Age of the ΔΡΟΜΩΝ: The Byzantine Navy ca. 500–1204 (= Medieval Mediterranean: Peoples, Economies and Cultures, 400-1500 62). Leiden-Boston: Brill Academic Publishers
Rogers M. J. 1969. Aeolipiles again. In Aslanapa O. and Naumann R. (eds.) Forschungen zur Kunst Asiens. In Memoriam Kurt Erdmann. İstanbul: İstanbul Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Yayınları, 147-158
Rtveladze E. V. 1974. Sferokonicheskiye sosudy iz Madzhar. Sovetskaya arkheologiya 4, 280–284
Ruszczyc B. 1962. Des Bombes mamelukes. Bulletin du Musée National de Varsovie 3, 87-88
Sarre F. 1925. Die Kleinfunde. In T. Wiegand (ed.), Baalbek: Ergebnisse der Ausgrabungen und Untersuchungen in den Jahren 1898 bis 1905 3. Berlin, Leipzig: W. de Gruyter: 133-135
Savage-Smith E. 1997. Sphero-Conical Vessels: A Typology of Forms and Functions. In. E. Savage-Smith and F. Maddison (eds). Science, Tools and Magic, Part II: Mundane Worlds (= The Nasser D. Khalili Collection of Islamic Art 12), Oxford: Oxford University Press, 324-337
Seyrig H. 1959. Antiquités syriennes. Syria 36 (1-2), 38-89
Sezgin F. 2010. Military Technology. In F. Sezgin collaboration with E. Neubauer (eds.), Science and Technology in Islam. Catalogue of the Instrument of the Institute for the History of Arabic and Islamic Sciences 5. Frankfurt am Main: Institut für Geschichte der Arabisch-Islamischen Wissenschaften an der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, 91-138
Spinei V. 1970. Unele probleme privind vasele sfero-conice. Studii şi cercetări de istorie veche 21(2), 253-265
Stănică A.-D. 2015. Viată economică din Nordul Dobrogei în secolele X-XIV. Tulcea: Editura Dobrogea
Sharvit J. 2008. The Sphero-Conical Vessels. In V. Tzaferis and S. Israeli (eds.), Paneas vol II. Small finds and Other Studies (= Israeli Antiqities Authorities Reports 38) Jerusalem: Israeli Antiquities Authority, 101-112
Shishkina G. V. and Pavchinskaja L. V. 1992. Terres secrètes de Samarcande. Céramiques du VIIIe au XIIIe siècle. Exhibition catalogue. Paris, Caen, Toulouse: Institut du Monde Arabe/Mairie de Caen/Mairie de Toulouse
Tunçel G. 2011. Türk Sanatinda Kuş Gövdesi Formunda Seramik Kaplar ve Fonksiyonlari Üzerine. Ekev Akademi Dergisi 15 (48), 411-419
Tunçel G. 2014. Anadolu’dan kürevî-konik kap örnekleri. Turkish Studies – International Periodical For The Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic 9/10, 1039-1062
Thomann J. 2015. Early Persian Medical Works on Antisyphilitic Mercury Medicines. Asia 69 (4), 971-996
Vysotskiy P. F. 1908. Neskol’ko slov o drevnostyakh Volzhskoy Bulgarii” (s tablitsami), Izvestiya Obshchestva Arkheologii, Istorii i Etnografii pri Imperatorskom Kazanskom Universitete 24 (4). Kazan’ : Tipografiya Imperatorskogo Universiteta
Yeleuov M., Akymbek Y. S. and Chang C. 2014. Sphero-conical vessels of Aktobe medieval ancient settlement. Life Science Journal 11 (11), 384-387
Zelenko S. and Morozova Ja. 2012. Redkiye tovary i tarnaya keramika v morskoy torgovle KHÍÍÍ veka v basseyne Chernogo morya. In Ł. Gędłka, T. Krzyżowski and M. Michalski (eds.), Regiones euxinum spectantes. Stosunki kulturowe, etniczne i religijne na przestrzeni dziejów. Kraków, 187-192
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Published
2016-12-20
How to Cite
Stănică , A.-D. ., & Szmoniewski , B. S. . (2016). The sphero-conical vessels from the Lower Danube in the light of new discoveries from Isaccea, Tulcea county, Romania . Sprawozdania Archeologiczne, 68, 327–344. https://doi.org/10.23858/SA68.2016.015
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