Variability in 4th Millennium BC Livestock Management Practices in the Bronocice Region, Southeastern Poland

Marie-Lorraine Pipes; Janusz Kruk; Sarunas Milisauskas

doi:10.23858/SA69.2017.003

Published: 2017-11-28

Vol. 69 (2017)

Variability in 4th Millennium BC Livestock Management Practices in the Bronocice Region, Southeastern Poland

Marie-Lorraine Pipes , Janusz Kruk , Sarunas Milisauskas

Sprawozdania Archeologiczne

Section: Articles

https://doi.org/10.23858/SA69.2017.003

Abstract

Livestock management systems are complex refl ections of economic practices. During the mid-fourth millennium BC in southeastern Poland distinct economic activities were revealed using portable x-ray fl uorescence (herein pXRF). Portable X-ray fl uorescence was used to measure elemental levels of strontium in the teeth of cattle, sheep and pig. Strontium is fi xed in dental enamel after a tooth has formed. By comparing strontium in teeth of different developmental ages it was possible to segregate individuals into local and non-local animals from three sites. The patterns observed reveal two levels of stock-herding in the Bronocice region. One pattern of low strontium diversity revealed the existence of unique localized management strategies for each species indicating they were managed separately. Another pattern of high strontium variability confi rmed the importation of non-local animals on an increasing scale over time revealing another aspect of Bronocice’s involvement in long distance trade.

Keywords:

Neolithic, Funnel-Beaker, livestock management practices, Bronocice, X-ray fl uorescence, strontium, southeastern Poland

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Pipes , M.-L., Kruk , J., & Milisauskas , S. (2017). Variability in 4th Millennium BC Livestock Management Practices in the Bronocice Region, Southeastern Poland . Sprawozdania Archeologiczne, 69, 55–69. https://doi.org/10.23858/SA69.2017.003

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Marie-Lorraine Pipes

Affiliation:

Department of Anthropology, State University of New York at Buffalo United States

Janusz Kruk

Affiliation:

Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Sciences Poland

Sarunas Milisauskas

Affiliation:

Department of Anthropology, State University of New York at Buffalo United States