Following the traces of the earliest Corded Ware in Moravia and steppe elements in its content

Autor

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.23858/SA/75.2023.1.3506

Słowa kluczowe:

Morawy, morawska kultura ceramiki sznurowej, elementy wschodnioeuropejskie, Jamna, kultury katakumb, pochówki wozów

Abstrakt

The earliest Corded Ware is very poorly represented in Moravia (several type A, Moravian-type, hammer-axes, settlements with the so-called Wellenleistentöpfe: Olomouc-Slavonín, Horní lán) and the situation is not much better even in the earlier Moravian Corded Ware Culture (MCWC) period (the Palonín settlement, graves at: Dub nad Moravou, Hradisko u Kroměříže, Němetice). Among the local MCWC (over 90%; 2700/2600 2400/2200 calBC) we find a number of components linking this to Eastern Europe both in the burial ritual (grooves around graves, internal construction, burials in the frog position, graves of metallurgists) and in the material content (daggers/razors with a tang, hammer-shaped pins, a beaker decorated with a cord and a fishbone motif) with numerous analogues in the Yamna and Catacombna cultures of the Carpathian, Balkan and northern Pontus. Most surprising is a group of MCWC graves with grooves at the bottom, interpreted as burials on all-wood four-wheeled ceremonial wagons with direct counterparts in the Maikop, Yamna, and Catacombna cultures of eastern Europe.

Pobrania

Download data is not yet available.

Bibliografia

Agulnikov S. 2008. Arkheologicheskoe nasledie Budzhaka, Kratkiy ocherk archeologicheskikh pamiatnikov Budzhakskoy stepi. Revista de etnologie şi Culturologie 3, 227-243.

Agulnikov S. 2011. Razkopki kurgana 17 v s. Kazakliya v 1985 godu. Revista Arheologică, serie Nou 7, 129-156.

Agulnikov S. and Popovich S. 2022. Raskopki kurganov v rayone Shtefan Vode, Respublika Moldova (1989, 1990, 1991). Kishineu: Natsionalnoe Agentstvo Arkheologii.

Agulnikov S. and Sava E. 2004. Issledovaniya kurganov na levoberezhe Dnestra. Kishineu: SER USM.

Baković M. and Govedarica B. 2009. Nalazi iz kneževskog tumula Gruda Boljevića u Podgorici, Crna Gora. Godišnjak Centra za Balkanoška Ispitivanja Akademie nauka i Umjetnosti Bosne i Hercegovine 36, 5-23.

Balen J. 2005. Sarvaš, Neolitičko i eneolitičko naselje (= Musei Archaeologici Zagrabiensis Catalogi et Monographiae 2). Zagreb: Arheološki muzej u Zagrebu.

Bátora J. 2006. Štúdie ku komunikácii medzi strednou a východnou Európou v dobe bronzovej. Bratislava: Petrus Publishers.

Bátora J. 2021. Infiltration of Yamnaya culture into the north-Carpathian region – Assessing our preliminary knowledge. In V. Heyd, G.Kulcsár and B. Preda-Bălănică (eds), Yamnaya Interactions.

Proceedings of the International Workshop held in Helsinki in 25-26 April, 2019 (= The Yamnaya Impact on Perhistoric Europe 2). Budapest: Archaeoligua, 2021. 361-382.

Bronicki A. 2000. Grób kultury amfor kulistych w Kolonii Czułczyce, stan. 6, gm. Sawin, pow. Chełm, woj. Lublin. Archeologia Polski Środkowowschodniej 5, 181-195.

Bronicki A. 2021a. Chronology and periodization of the Globular Amphora Culture East Lublin subgroup. Baltic-Pontic Studies 25, 221-263.

Bronicki A. 2021b. Pierwsi pasterze III tysiąclecia p. Chr. Groby podgrupy wschodniolubelskiej kultury amfor kulistych. Obrządek pogrzebowy. Chronologia. Chełm: Muzeum Ziemi Chełmskiej im. Wiktora Ambroziewicza w Chełmie.

Bugaj U., Włodarczak P., Jarosz P., Koledin J. and Podsiadlo M. 2018. Istraživanja eneoliskog kurgana z Šajkaši, obština Titel. Glasnik Srbskog Archeološkog družstva 34, 7-22.

Ciugudean H., Quinn C. and Uhnér C. 2022. Consideraţii privind evoluţia culturii Coţofeni în lumina noilor date radiocarbon. Apulum, series Archaeologica et Anthropologica 59, 23–54.

Ciugudean H. I., Quinn C. P., Uhnér C. and Beck J. 2023. From West to East and East to West: Yamnaya Migration and Interaction with Copper Age/Early Bronze Age Carpathian Communities in Transylvania. In B. Preda-Bălănică and M. Ahola (eds), Steppe Transmissions (= The Yamnaya Impact on Prehistoric Europe 4). Budapest: Archaeolingua, 2023, 205–245.

Čižmář M. 1985. Hroby kultury se šňůrovou keramikou z Holubic a Tvarožné. Archeologické rozhledy 37, 403-410.

Dani J. and Szeverényi V. 2021. Archaeological Evidence for Steppe and Caucasian Connections in the Carpathian Basin between the 4th and mid-3rd Millenia BC. Is There a „Yamanaya Package“. In L. Giemsch and S. Hansen (eds), Proceeding of Conference „The Caucasus-Bridge between the urban centres in Mesopotamia and the Pontic steppes in the 4th and 3rd millenium BC (= Schriften des archäologischen Museums Frankfurt 34). Frankfurt am Main: Verlag Schnell & Steiner GmbH, 259-272.

Dergachev V. A. 2023. Yamnaja kultura Karpato-Podunavya. Yamnaya culture of the Carpathian- Danube region. Kichinev: CEP USM.

Dobeš M., Budinský P., Buchvaldek M. and Muška J. 1991. Katalog šňůrové keramiky v Čechách V. Bílinsko. Praehistorica 17, 75-150.

Dobeš M., Pecinovská M. and Ernée M. 2021. On the earlist Corded Ware in Bohemia. In V. Heyd, G. Kulcsár and B. Preda-Bălănică (eds), Yamnaya Interactions. Proceedings of the International Workshop held in Helsinki, 25th–26th April 2019 (= The Yamnaya Impact in Prehistoric Europe 2). Budapest: Archaeolingua, 487-511.

Fojtík P. 2019. Prostějov (okr. Prostějov). Přehled výzkumů 60/1, 198.

Frînculeasa A. 2020. Cultura Cernavodă II la Dunărea Inferioară. Relevanţa cronologieri şi a înmormântărilor tumulte. Studii de Preistorie 17, 135-193.

Frînculeasa A., Preda-Bălănică B., Garvăn D., Negrea O. and Soficaru A. 2019. Towards a better understanding of the end of the Fourth Millenium BC in Northern Muntenia: The case of the Burial mound in Ploieşti – Gara de vest. Ziridava. Studia Archaeologica 33, 55-90.

Frînculeasa A., Simalcsik A., Preda B. and Garvăn D. 2017. Smeeni – Movila Mare. Monografia unui sit arheologic regăsit. Târgovişte: Muzeul Judeţean Buzău.

Geislerová K. and Parma D. et al. 2018. Výzkumy 2011-2016 = Ausgrabungen 2011-2016. Brno: Ústav archeologické památkové péče Brno.

Gej A. N. 2004. Die Wagen der Novotitarovskaja-Kultur. In M. Fansa and S. Burmeister (eds), Rad und Wagen. Der Ursprung einer Innovation Wagen im Vorderen Orient und Europa (= Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Nordwestdeutschland 40). Mainz am Rhein: Philipp von Zabern, 177-190.

Govedarica B. 2010. Grab- und Opferfunde aus dem Hügel Gruda Boljevića in Montenegro (erste Hälfte des 3. Jahrtausend v. Chr.). In J. Šuteková, P. Pavúk, P. Kalábková and B. Kovár (eds), Panta Rhei. Studies on the chronology and cultural development of South-Eastern and Central Europe in earlier prehistory. Presented to Juraj Pavúk on the occasion of His 75th birthday. Bratislava: Comenius University Bratislava, 179-188.

Harat K., Potupczyk M. and Razumow S. 2014. Charakterystyka źródeł archeologicznych pozyskanych w latach 1984-1993. In A. Kośko, M. Potupczyk and S. Razumow (eds), Naddniestrzańskie kompleksy cmentarzysk kurhanowych społeczności z III i z pierwszej połowy II tysiąclecia przed Chr. w okolicach Jampola, obwód winnicki. Z badań nad północno-zachodnią rubieżą osadnictwa społeczności kręgu kultur „wczesnobrązowych“ strefy pontyjskiej: badania z lat 1984-2014 (= Archaeologia Bimaris Monografie 6). Poznań: Wydawnictwo Nauka i Innowacje, 45-204.

Harrison R. and Heyd V. 2007. The Transformation of Europe in the Third Millenium BC: the example of „Le Petit-Chasseur I + III“ (Sion, Valais, Switzerland). Prähistorische Zeitschrift 82, 129-214.

Häusler A. 1974. Die Gräber der älteren Ockergrabkultur zwischen Dnepr und Ural (= Wissenschaftliche Beiträge des Martin-Luther-Universitäts Halle-Wittenberg 9). Berlin: Akademie-Verlag.

Häusler A. 1976. Die Gräber der älteren Ockergrabkultur zwischen Dnepr und Karpaten (= Wissenschaftliche Beiträge des Martin-Luther-Universitäts Halle-Wittenberg 12). Berlin: Akademie-Verlag.

Heyd V. 2021. Yamnaya, Corder ware, and Bell Beaker on the move. In V. Heyd, G. Kulcsár and B. Preda-Bălănică (eds), Yamnaya Interactions. Proceedings of the International Workshop held in Helsinki, 25th–26th April 2019 (= The Yamnaya Impact in Prehistoric Europe 2). Budapest: Archaeolingua, 383-414.

Horváth T., Gherdán K., Kulcsár G., Sipos G. and Tóth M. 2013. An Enigmatic Funnel Find of the Somogyvár-Vinkovci Culture from Balatonőszöd-Temetői dulo in Transdanubia, Hungary. Interdisciplinaria Archaeologica Natural Sciences in Archaeology 4/1, 23-38.

Horváthová E. and Chovanec J. 2006. Nálezy kultúry Coţofeni v prostredí badenskej kultúry na východnom Slovensku. Študijné zvesti Archeologického ústavu Slovenskej akademie ved 40, 129-140.

Ivanova S. V. 2010. Torgovye puti i migratsii v Jugo-Voskochnoy Evrope v rannem bronzovom veke. Materialy po arkheologii severnogo Prichernomoria 11, 163-253.

Ivanova S. V. 2013. Kulturno-istoricheskie kontakty naseleniya Severo-Zapadnogo Prichernomoria v rannem bronzovom veke: Zapad-Vostok. Stratum Plus 2, 1-59.

Ivanova S. V., Nikitin A. G. and Kiosak D. B. 2018. Majatnikovje migracii v Cirkum-Pontijskoj stepii centrajnoj Evrope v epokhu paleometalika i problema genezisa Yamnoy kultury. Arkheologia i davnia istoria Ukrayini 1/26, 101-145.

Kaiser E. 2019. Das dritte Jahrtausend im osteuropäischen Steppenraum, Kulturhistorische Studien zu prähistorischer Subsistenzwirtschaft und Interaktion mit benachbarten Räumen (= Berlin Studies of the Ancient World 37). Berlin: Topoi.

Kalábek M., Šín L., Vaněček Z. and Moník M. 2016. Hrob s vnějším kruhovým žlábkem z Babic (okr. Olomouc). In M. Kršková and J. Peška (eds), Ročenka 2015. Olomouc: Archeologické centrum Olomouc, 37-49.

Kern D. 2011. Ostösterreich im Endneolithikum – Am Ende der Welt? In T. Doppler, B. Ramminger and D. Schimmelpfennig (eds), Grenzen und Grenzräume? Beispiele aus Neolithikum und Bronzezeit (= Fokus Jungsteinzeit. Berichte der AG Neolithikum 2). Kerpen-Loogh: Welt und Erde Verlag, 25-36.

Kern D. 2012. Migration and mobility in the latest Neolithic of the Traisen valley, Lower Austria: Archaeology. In E. Kaiser, J. Burger and W. Schier (eds), Population Dynamics in Prehistory and Early History: New Approaches Using Stable Isotopes and Genetics. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110266306.213

Klochko V. I. 2017. Yamnaya culture hoard of metal objects, Ivanivka, lower Murafa: autogenesis of „Dniester copper/bronze metalurgy. Baltic-Pontic Studies 22, 226-245.

Klochko V. I., Kośko A., Razumow S. M., Włodarczak P. and Żurkiewicz D. 2015. Eneolithic, Yamnaya and Noua culture cemeteries from the first half of the 3rd And the middle of the 2nd millenium BC, Porohy, site 3A, Yampil region, Vinnytsia oblast: archaeometric and chronometric description, ritual and taxonomioc topogenetic identificartion. Baltic-Pontic Studies 20, 78-141.

Korošec P. and Korošec J. 1969. Najdbe s koliščarskih naselbin pri Igu na ljubljanskem barju. Fundgut der Pfahlbausiedlungen bei Igu am Laibacher Moor. Catalogi archaeologici sloveniae 3. Ljubljana: Narodni Muzej v Ljubljani.

Kośko A. 2011. Z badań nad kontekstem kultur wczesnobrązowych strefy pontyjskiej w rozwoju społeczności środkowoeuropejskich obszaru dorzecza Wisły w III tys. BC. In U. Stankiewicz and A. Wawrusiewicz (eds), Na rubieży kultur. Badania nad okresem neolitu i wczesną epoką brązu. Białystok: Muzeum Podlaskie w Białymstoku, 183-193.

Kośko A., Klochko V. I., Olszewski A., Włodarczak P. and Goslar T. 2018. Święte 11, feature 1149: semence of funerary rites practiced by Corded Ware peoples and Early Bronze north Pontic cultures. Baltic-Pontic Studies 23, 69-92.

Kučera L., Peška J., Fojtík P., Barták P., Sokolovská D., Pavelka J., Komárková V., Beneš J., Polcerová L., Králik M. and Bednář P. 2018. Determination of Milk Products in Ceramic Vessels of Corded Ware Culture from a Late Eneolithic Burial. Molecules 2018, 23(12), 3247.

Larina O., Manzura I. and Khakhey V. 2008. Brevichenskie kurgany. Kishinev: Akademiya Nauk Respubliki Moldova, Institut Kulturnogo Naslediya, Tsentr Arkheologii.

Morgunova N. L. 2011. Pit-Grave culture of the south Nera the Ural Mountains. In A. Petö and A. Barczi (eds), Kurgan Studies: An environmental and archaeological multiproxy study of burial mound in the Eurasian steppe zone (= BAR International Series 2238). Oxford: Archaeopress, 133-143.

Němejcová-Pavúková V. and Klčo M. 1986. Žiarový hrob z Trebatíc. Archeologické výskumy a nálezy na Slovensku v roku 1985, 169-170.

Nosek S. 1964. Civilisation des amphores sphériques (= Inventaria Archaeologica Corpus des ensembles archéologiques Pologne 12: Pl. 64-69). Łódź, Warszawa: PWN.

Nosek S. 1967. Kultura amfor kulistych w Polsce. Wrocław, Warszawa, Kraków: Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich.

Novozhenov V. A. 2012. Communications and earliest wheeled transport of Eurasia. Moscow: TAUS Publishing.

Peška J. 2000. Otázka sídlišť kultury se šňůrovou keramikou na Moravě. In In memoriam Jan Rulf. Památky archeologické – Supplementum 13, 341-348.

Peška J. 2011. Nové poznatky o jevišovickém osídlení v regionu střední Moravy. In M. Popelka and R. Šmidtová (eds), Otázky neolitu a eneolitu našich zemí. Sborník referátů z 28. zasedání badatelů pro výzkum neolitu a eneolitu (nejen) Čech, Moravy a Slovenska, Mělník 28.9. – 1. 10. 2009 (= Acta Instituti Praehistorici Universitatis Carolinae Pragensis: Praehistorica 29). Praha: Univerzita Karlova v Praze, Nakladatekství Karolinum, 297-322.

Peška J. 2021. East European Elements in Burial Rites of Moravian Corded Ware Culture. Wagon Burial in Moravia in the 3rd Millennium BC? In V. Heyd, G. Kulcsár and B. Preda-Bălănică (eds), Yamnaya Interactions. Proceedings of the International Workshop held in Helsinki, 25th-26th April 201 (= The Yamnaya Impact in Prehistoric Europe 2). Budapest: Archaeolingua, 2021, 513-541.

Peška J., Fojtík P. and Daňhel M. 2021. Settlements of Local Phase of Corded Ware Culture in Moravia. Acta Archaeologica Carpathica 56, 193-220.

Peška J. and Fikrle M. 2017. Hrob ženy kultury se šňůrovou keramikou s měděnými šperky z Brna-Horních Heršpic. Pravěk 25, 27-52.

Peška J. and Vrána J. 2017. Menší sídliště nositelů kultury kulovitých amfor na katastru Radvanic, okres Přerov. In M. Kršková and J. Peška (eds), Ročenka 2016. Olomouc: Archeologické centrum Olomouc, 57-74.

Sava E., Agulnikov S. and Manzura I. 2019. Issledovaniya kurganov v budzhakskoy stepi (1980-1985 gg.) (= Biblioteca „Tyragetia“ 30). Chisinau: Muzeul Naţional de Istorie a Moldovei.

Shishlina N. I. 2008. Reconstruction of the Bronze Age of the Caspian Steppes: Life Styles and Life Ways of Pastoral Noma (= BAR Internationales Series 1876). Oxford: BAR.

Schmidt R. 1945. Die Burg Vučedol. Zagreb: Kroatisches archäologisches Staatsmuseum.

Šebela L. 1997. Zur Problematik und chronologischen Stellung des A-Horizontes der mährischen Schnurkeramikkultur. In P. Siemen (ed.), Early Corded ware Culture. The A-Horizon – fiction or fact? International symposium in Jutland, 2nd-7th May 1994. Esbjerg: Esbjerg Museum, 185-198.

Šebela L. 1999. The Corded Ware Culture in Moravia and the adjacent Part of Silesia (Catalogue). (= Fontes Archaeologiae Moravicae 23). Brno: Archeologický ústav AV ČR Brno.

Šmíd M. and Přichystal A. 2021. Sídlištní areál jevišovické kultury. In M. Šmíd et al., Eneolitické osídlení lokality Modřice – Rybníky (okr. Brno-vrnkov) (= Pravěk Supplementum 36). Brno: Ústav archeologické památkové péče Brno, 30-62.

Włodarczak P. 2006. Kultura ceramiki sznurowej na wyżynie Małopolskiej. Kraków: Instytut Archeologii i Etnologii PAN.

Włodarczak P. 2017. Kurgan rites in the Eneolithic and Early Bronze Age Podolia in light of materials from the funerary-ceremonian centre of Yampil. Baltic-Pontic Studies 22, 246-283.

Włodarczak P. 2021. Eastern impulses in cultural and demographic change during the end of the south-eastern Polish Eneolithic. In V. Heyd, G. Kulcsár and B. Preda-Bălănică (eds), Yamnaya Interactions. Proceedings of the International Workshop held in Helsinki, 25th–26th April 2019 (= The Yamnaya Impact in Prehistoric Europe 2). Budapest: Archaeolingua, 435-5461.

Włodarczak P., Szczepanek A. and Przybyła M. M. 2021. Grave of the Globular Amphora Culture from Koszyce in the chronological perspective. Baltic-Pontic Studies 25, 189-219.

Zápotocký M. and Zápotocká M. 2008. Kutná Hora-Denemark. Hradiště řivnáčské kultury (ca 3000–2800 př. Kr.). Památky archeologické – Supplementum 18, Praha: Archeologický ústav Akademie věd České republiky.

Zimmermann T. 2003. Zwischen Karpaten und Kaukasus – Anmerkungen zu einer ungewöhnlichen Kupferklinge aus Wien-Essling. Archäologisches Korrespondenzblatt 33, 469-477.

Zimmerman T. 2007. Die ältesten kupferzeitlichen Bestattungen mit Dolchbeigabe (= Monographien des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums 71). Mainz: Verlag des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums.

Opublikowane

2023-12-12

Jak cytować

Peška, J. (2023). Following the traces of the earliest Corded Ware in Moravia and steppe elements in its content. Sprawozdania Archeologiczne, 75(1), 141–174. https://doi.org/10.23858/SA/75.2023.1.3506