Published: 2025-12-31

Early medieval soda glass found in Poland: issues and research proposals

Sylwia Wajda
Archeologia Polski
Section: Studies
DOI https://doi.org/10.23858/APol70.2025.03

Abstract

This article presents an analysis of soda glass from early medieval archaeological sites in Poland, based on the available results of elemental composition analyses. The discussion of the current state of knowledge includes a review of the chemical classification of glass used by authors from Eastern and Western Europe. A classification system adopted from Western European studies is then employed to reinterpret the analyzed data from Poland. The most numerous group among the identified mineral soda glass is HIMT2, while the predominant group among the soda ash glasses is Mesopotamian 1. Further research taking trace elements into account is needed to determine the scale of glass recycling.

Keywords:

Poland, early Middle Ages, elemental composition, mineral soda glass, plant ash, soda glass, Egypt, the Middle East

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Wajda, S. (2025). Early medieval soda glass found in Poland: issues and research proposals. Archeologia Polski, 70, 55–77. https://doi.org/10.23858/APol70.2025.03

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